Mutual harmony between Muslims and non-Muslims in the state of Madinah and the Prophet's biography (2)
Dr. Tariq Ijaz
Allah Almighty bestowed innumerable rewards on humanity but never mentioned these blessings but “declared the revelation of the Prophet of Mercy (2) as His great blessing” – “Make the Holy Name of the Holy Prophet (SAW) a mercy for the worlds He sent: The Holy Essence of the Holy Prophet (sws) came as a mercy for all creatures, such as jinn and humans, genealogy, animals and inanimate objects. Relaxed in Paradise – Travelers on the Trails of Humiliation and Destruction have grasped the footsteps of the beautiful path of honor and greatness – Lord Do Jahan's everlasting grace has bestowed upon humanity such an unparalleled love and compassion that has tasted this love. He tasted and fell on his feet, and fell out of the house with the intention of killing.
Sarkar Do Jahan (1) An important aspect of the blessed life of the Holy Caste is your affairs and relations with non-Muslims (2) – by the grace of Aqa (2) where each other's blood thirsty mutual gratitude. There, Muslims and non-Muslims also came closer to each other on the principles of brotherhood, humanity and literature.
A study of the Sira of the Prophet (pbuh) reveals a number of evidences and incidents which show how much importance was given to the government to bring Muslims and non-Muslims closer together and to promote harmony between the two. – An important question in discussing this issue is that today, when some of our ignorance and misunderstandings of Islam have led to the sedition of terrorism, the enemies of Islam are trying to tell the world that Islam and the modern world are one. There are two opposing forces – the fact that Muslims consider all but Muslims to be superfluous creatures and consider it a sin to associate with them – many other such frivolous and absurd debates are taking place in the world these days. In such a situation, we need to find a way for ourselves by looking into the biography of the Prophet of Islam and in the light of the biography of the Holy Prophet, we need to convince the world that the Prophet of Islam (2) came as a mercy for all the worlds and you ( 2) The religion of God is also a mercy for the worlds.
The article under review includes an analysis of the steps taken by the state of Madinah to create harmony between Muslims and non-Muslims in the light of the Prophet's biography (2) – an analysis of the basic document known as the Charter of Madinah and Objective analysis is important.
A study of the ancient history of the city of Madinah reveals that the area between Jabal Uhud and Jabal Ir spread over 10 square miles, consisting of five fertile valleys, Madinib, Mahzur, Zanuna, Buthan and Qana. This collection of settlements was called Yathrib. With the blessed arrival of the Holy Prophet (PBUH), he was given the eternal honor of being the city of the Prophet. Non-Muslim Jewish tribes were already settled in Medina. – There are many opinions on how the Jews came here and when they settled, for example:
1. When the Israelites were dispersed during the invasion of Bakht Nasr (587 BC), a group of them settled in Medina.
2. After the invasion of Palestine in 132 AD, when the Jews were expelled from their homeland, they took refuge in Medina, Tema and Wadi al-Qura, etc.
3. There is also an opinion that when the scholars of Israel and other people passed through this town with the king and found the signs in the Torah here which would be the emigration of the Prophet of the End Times, they decided to stay here. –
Just before the advent of the Holy Prophet (pbuh), the population of Madinah was divided into two classes – the pagans and the Jews, with divisions among them – so some Arabs and a few Jewish tribes on one side, the rest Arabs and the rest Jews The tribes, on the other hand, had become allies and from time to time there was bloodshed among them. One of these battles is also known as Ba'ath.
Dr. Hameedullah has written in “The Political Life of the Holy Prophet (PBUH)” that at the time of the migration of Sarkar Do Aalam (2) to Medina, Jews were more or less forty, fifty percent but much richer than the Arabs. Mand were – the famous tribes of Qainqa'a, Bani Nuzair and Qurayzah who were also divided among themselves – Qinqa'a tribe was known to be the most honorable because of their wealth – Qinqaa means goldsmith and apparently their The occupations were jewelry making, jewelry selling and lending – the other tribe was Banu Nuzair, Nuzir means fresh tree or plant and indeed this tribe was the owner of gardens and orchards and agriculture – Banu Qurayzah were very militant and in terms of business. Shoe-making and shoe-selling were the occupations of the lower and lower castes than the other two tribes – this distinction was seen in the bloodshed, that is, the bloodshed of Banu Qurayzah was half that of Banu Nadir – to mention this brief background The aim is to expose the fact that where the Jews were completely involved in trade, industry and agriculture in Medina, there was also mutual animosity and bloodshed. Were a part of N's social life – where there was financial prosperity there was also a severe lack of harmony – these conditions a new direction for Muslims and non-Muslims to build on the principles of harmony and to establish mutual relations amicably and Promoting interfaith dialogue and resolving mutual disputes through negotiations. All these blessings were the blessings of Sira Nabawi (1) and Barakat Mustafa (2) – the great constitution written in the form of the Medina Charter among the people of the state of Madinah. It is a masterpiece that defined the rights and duties of Muslims and non-Muslims and laid the foundation for harmonious relations.
Qazi Salman Puri has written in his book "Rehmat Lal Alamin" that:
The Holy Prophet (PBUH) arrived in Madinah and in the first year of his migration, he intended to make an agreement with all nations on an international basis so that the unity of nationality would be maintained even in differences of race and religion and all would be united in civilization. Keep helping each other. "
A study of the rights of non-Muslims which the Holy Prophet (PBUH) declared from his blessed Sunnah and hadiths and enforced them in practice shows that it was Faizan Sira Mustafawi (1) that the state The relationship between Muslims and non-Muslims living in Madinah was based on literature and respect, religious harmony and bilateral relations. Read a few hadiths on the rights of non-Muslims.
Hazrat Abu Bakr (RA) narrates that the Holy Prophet (SAW) said:
"I killed the treaty for non-killing, Haram Allah Alayh Al-Jannat."
"Allah will forbid Paradise for a Muslim who unjustly kills a non-Muslim citizen."
There is a hadith of Sahih Bukhari which is narrated from Hazrat Abdullah bin Umar and (RA) that the Holy Prophet (PBUH) said:
"I did not kill the treaty for the sake of Paradise, and if you do, you will be the forerunner of the forty common paths."
"Whoever kills a non-Muslim citizen (treaty) will not even smell the fragrance of heaven, even though the fragrance of heaven is felt for a distance of forty years."
Imam Abu Ubaid Qasim ibn Salam has quoted the clause of the agreement of the Holy Prophet (sws) with the Christians of Najran in the book Al-Kharaj:
“Allah and His Messenger Muhammad (pbuh) for the people of Najran and their allies, their wealth, their lives, their lands, their religion, their non-existent and non-existent people, their family members, their The places of worship and whatever is in their hands, more or less, are the guarantors and responsible for the safety of everything. "
The protection of the lives and property of non-Muslim citizens in the state of Madinah and the Islamic State is so important that the protection of their property is as important as the protection of Muslim property – harming a non-Muslim citizen with the tongue or hands and feet. Insulting, beating or backbiting is just as unlawful and haraam as it is unlawful and haraam for a Muslim.
Imam Haskafiyyah has stated this principle in Al-Dar Al-Mukhtar:
“It is obligatory for a Muslim to go to Kaf al-Dhi Anah and Tahrir for backbiting.”
"It is obligatory to protect a non-Muslim from persecution and backbiting him is as haraam as backbiting a Muslim."
The Holy Prophet (sws) implemented these teachings in the form of the Charter of Madinah in such a way that not only all the classes in Madinah were transformed into a political unit and the long-running anarchy there turned into political stability but also the promotion of Islam. It also had a lasting effect on the Arab world, which led to the end of disbelief and polytheism.
In this constitution you have been recognized as the head of state as if all Muslims and non-Muslims have recognized the center of political, social, military, legal and judicial powers under this constitution as your (1) blessed caste – the implementation of the Medina Charter. Later, relations between Muslims and non-Muslims became so strong that the Jewish and polytheistic tribes became their allies and they all accepted the responsibility of defending the state of Madinah.
In the form of this agreement, the idea of tolerance, coexistence, respect and dignity with all sections of the state, your (2) reconciliation, high-mindedness and moderate leadership emerged. Misunderstandings were spreading and they began to dissipate. The Charter of Medina made it possible to establish a just and just society in the state of Medina. Earlier, due to religious and social differences, each tribe decided cases according to its own customs and traditions. The Holy Prophet (sws) united all the Muslim and non-Muslim tribes living in Madinah in political unity and made them a nation from which all parties began to realize their responsibilities. He (sws) said:
"They are one nation from among the people."
"The parties to the Charter of Medina will have a separate political unity against the people of the world."
He also gave the idea of respecting the customs and laws of the local people so that discipline could be created at the national level. When it came to the implementation of Diyat, it was stated that Harith, Banu Sa'ida, Banu Jasham, Banu Najjar, Banu Amr and Banu Aws will follow their own tribal laws to pay for the bloodshed. In the light of this constitution, all parties are obliged to defend each other.
"Wan binham al-Nasr Ali from the battle of Ahl al-Sahifa."
"And whoever fights against this constitution, then (Jews and Muslims) will come to the aid of one another."
Religious freedom was also ensured for all the minorities living in the state of Madinah, but they were also obliged to abide by the constitution and not to violate the constitution or the constitution in any way or to cause sedition in the society. Will not cause
While he united the different classes of Madinah in a political unity, he also granted complete religious freedom to each class and forbade interference in each other's religious affairs.
"The Jews are the descendants of Awf with the believers for the Jews and the Muslims."
"And the Jews of Bani Awf recognize a political unity with the believers, their religion for the Jews and their religion for the Muslims."
This great administration in the state of Madinah was such a unique and unique step that united all the classes of the city of Madinah in a mutually important harmony. Non-Muslim thinkers also acknowledged the fact that a nation torn apart by wisdom It was your (1) deed to bring about unity and harmony with God, so Sir Thomas Arnold writes in his book, The Preaching of Islam:
“We can understand how Muhammad could establish himself at Madina as the head of a large and increasing body of adherents who looked upto him as their head and leader and acknowledged no other authority …………… without exciting and feeling of insecurity or any fear of encroachment on recognized authority ”.
In these circumstances, we can understand how Muhammad (pbuh) had asserted his authority as the leader of various people in Madinah (which is a manifestation of his perfect political insight) and the people did all this. What did he do without any sense of insecurity or government coercion?
R. A. Nicholson, in his book A Literary History of the Arabs, writes:
"Muhammad is first care was to reconcile the desperate facts without the city and to introduce law and order among the heterogeneous elements which have been described."
"The first task of Muhammad (pbuh) after his arrival in Madinah was to create harmony among the different classes within the city and to establish peace and order among the various elements."
There are countless other testimonies that have been unequivocally narrated by non-Muslim thinkers and writers – summarizing that when humanity is divided into different groups, classes, peace, love, brotherhood, religious harmony. If the values of harmony, brotherhood, self-sacrifice and compassion are disappearing, then humanity will have to return to the Medina model. There is a recipe for guidance and reform of all human classes. Therefore, humanity needs the constitution enacted by the state of Medina Which can eradicate hatred and bridge the gaps and bring humanity closer together – especially Muslims need to make it clear to the world by studying the biography of their beloved Prophet (pbuh) that Islam is a universal religion whose The basic teachings are on peace, tolerance, respect and love – that is why Islam has come for every human being, for every society and for every age.
